Seismic Swarm S20210412.1 Near Coso Junction, California
A seismic swarm designated S20210412.1 was recorded 7 km southeast of Coso Junction, California. The sequence began at 07:58 on 11 April 2021 and concluded at 11:24 on 13 April 2021, spanning 51 hours and 25 minutes. During this interval, 33 earthquakes were detected, with magnitudes ranging from 0.0 to 2.4 and focal depths primarily between 1 and 5 km.
The Coso region lies within the eastern California shear zone, a tectonically active area characterized by right-lateral strike-slip faulting and extensional Basin and Range structures. The Coso Volcanic Field, situated nearby, features Quaternary rhyolitic domes, basaltic flows, and an active geothermal system that has produced electricity since the 1980s. This volcanic field is underlain by a shallow crustal magma body that influences local seismicity through hydrothermal fluid circulation and thermal stressing of faults.
Earthquake swarms are common in the Coso area due to the interplay between tectonic strain and geothermal processes. Historical records indicate 81 swarms have occurred since 1 January 2000. Annual counts include 7 swarms in 2000, 4 in 2001, 2 in 2002, 9 in 2004, 2 in 2005, 6 in 2006, 4 in 2009, 6 in 2010, 1 in 2011, 3 in 2012, 6 in 2013, 2 in 2014, 2 in 2015, 3 in 2016, 2 in 2017, 1 in 2018, 12 in 2019, 7 in 2020, and 2 in 2021. These events typically involve low-magnitude earthquakes clustered in time and space without a distinct mainshock-aftershock pattern.
Within swarm S20210412.1, the largest event reached magnitude 2.4 at a depth of 2 km on 11 April at 10:21. Most events occurred at depths of 1–3 km, consistent with the shallow brittle-ductile transition in this geothermal setting. Activity was highest on 11 April, with 20 events recorded, followed by 11 on 12 April and 2 on 13 April.
Such swarms contribute to ongoing monitoring of volcanic and seismic hazards in the region. The Coso Volcanic Field remains a focus for geothermal development and geophysical research because of its elevated heat flow and frequent microseismicity.
References
- United States Geological Survey Earthquake Catalog
- California Geological Survey Regional Fault Maps
- Coso Geothermal Field Operational Reports (Bureau of Land Management)