Seismic Swarm S20180513.1: Activity Near Ocotillo Wells, California
A notable earthquake swarm, designated S20180513.1, occurred in the desert region of southern California from 00:28 on 13 May 2018 to 23:04 on 15 May 2018. The sequence was centered 22 km east-southeast of Ocotillo Wells in San Diego County, within the seismically active Salton Trough. Over 70 hours and 35 minutes, 70 earthquakes were recorded, with magnitudes ranging from 0.8 to 3.6 and focal depths predominantly between 0 and 8 km. The swarm began with a cluster of events on 13 May, including several magnitude 3+ shocks at shallow depths. Peak activity featured a 3.6 event at 00:35 and additional events exceeding magnitude 3 later that day. Subsequent days showed declining frequency but persistent low-magnitude seismicity, consistent with swarm behavior rather than a mainshock-aftershock sequence. Depths remained shallow throughout, indicating activity within the upper crust. This region lies at the boundary between the Pacific and North American plates, where right-lateral strike-slip faulting along the San Andreas system transitions into extensional tectonics of the Salton Trough. The area experiences frequent seismic swarms due to interaction between the San Jacinto Fault zone and transtensional features near the Imperial Fault and Brawley Seismic Zone. Historical records show elevated swarm occurrence linked to fluid migration and magmatic processes at depth. Since 2000, 32 swarms have been documented in the vicinity, with notable concentrations in 2009 (5 events), 2010 (6), and 2013 (7). These episodes reflect the area's ongoing tectonic adjustment and high strain rates. The 2018 swarm fits this pattern, underscoring the persistent seismic hazard in this sparsely populated desert landscape. Monitoring by regional networks continues to track such activity, aiding in understanding fault interactions and improving hazard assessment for nearby infrastructure and communities.
References
- USGS Earthquake Catalog
- California Geological Survey Regional Fault Maps
- Southern California Seismic Network Reports