Seismic Swarm PS20160319.1: Analysis of Activity South of Atka, Alaska
The seismic swarm designated PS20160319.1 occurred 75 km south of Atka, Alaska, in the central Aleutian Islands. It began at 09:38 on 18 March 2016 and concluded at 01:35 on 19 March 2016, spanning 15 hours and 57 minutes. Five earthquakes were recorded during this interval, with magnitudes ranging from 2.5 to 6.0 and focal depths between 10 km and 50 km.
The sequence opened with two closely spaced events on 18 March at 09:38:06 (M 5.1 at 10 km depth) and 09:38:12 (M 5.0 at 50 km depth). Activity resumed early on 19 March with an M 5.0 event at 01:22:16 (10 km depth), followed by an M 2.5 shock at 01:26:55 (10 km depth) and a culminating M 6.0 earthquake at 01:35:12 (17 km depth). These events illustrate typical swarm characteristics, featuring clustered moderate-magnitude shaking without a single dominant mainshock.
The Aleutian arc lies within the Pacific Ring of Fire at the convergent boundary where the Pacific Plate subducts northwestward beneath the North American Plate at rates of approximately 6–7 cm per year. This tectonic setting produces frequent earthquakes and active volcanism, including nearby Atka and Korovin volcanoes. Atka Island itself sits on the overriding plate, where crustal stresses from subduction generate both shallow crustal and intermediate-depth seismicity.
Historical records maintained by SeismoSight indicate 20 swarms in the region since 1 January 2000. These occurred in the following years and counts: 2008 (3), 2010 (1), 2011 (1), 2013 (8), 2014 (1), 2015 (4), and 2016 (2). The 2013 swarm count was the highest in the period, coinciding with elevated regional strain. A notable M 7.0 earthquake struck on 30 August 2013 approximately 101 km southwest of Atka and 80 km from the PS20160319.1 swarm center, underscoring the persistent seismic hazard along this segment of the arc.
Such swarms contribute to ongoing monitoring efforts that help distinguish background seismicity from potential precursors to larger events or volcanic unrest. Depths in the 10–50 km range align with both the megathrust interface and overlying crustal faults characteristic of the central Aleutians.
- USGS Earthquake Catalog
- Alaska Earthquake Center regional reports
- SeismoSight internal swarm classification database