Seismic Swarm Analysis: PS20130904.2 Near Atka, Alaska
A seismic swarm designated PS20130904.2 occurred 91 km south-southwest of Atka, Alaska, beginning at 02:32 on 4 September 2013 and concluding at 10:09 on 5 September 2013. Over the 31-hour-and-36-minute period, 11 earthquakes were recorded. The sequence unfolded within the tectonically active Aleutian subduction zone, where the Pacific Plate converges with and subducts beneath the North American Plate at rates of approximately 6–7 cm per year. This interaction generates frequent seismic events and volcanic activity throughout the Aleutian Islands.
The largest event reached magnitude 6.5 at a depth of 20 km on 4 September 2013 at 02:32:30. Subsequent shocks included a magnitude 5.8 at 26 km depth (04:16:30), a magnitude 5.2 at 11 km (05:15:52), a magnitude 2.2 at 29 km (06:07:55), a magnitude 5.7 at 21 km (06:16:49), a magnitude 6.0 at 17 km (06:27:03), a magnitude 5.2 at 30 km (06:54:15), a magnitude 5.0 at 10 km (18:57:25), a magnitude 5.6 at 20 km (05:43:39 on 5 September), a magnitude 5.0 at 25 km (09:34:22), and a magnitude 5.1 at 25 km (10:09:26). Depths ranged from 10 to 30 km, consistent with intermediate-depth seismicity along the subducting slab.
This swarm followed closely after a magnitude 7.0 earthquake on 30 August 2013 located 101 km southwest of Atka, approximately 45 km from the swarm centroid. Regional historical records since 1 January 2000 document 10 prior swarms, occurring in 2008 (four events), 2010 (two events), 2011 (one event), and 2013 (three events). Such episodic clustering reflects stress redistribution along the megathrust and associated crustal faults in the central Aleutians.
Atka Island itself lies within a chain of volcanic islands built atop the subduction-related magmatic arc. The local geology features andesitic stratovolcanoes and fault systems that accommodate both convergence and lateral shear. Earthquake swarms in this setting often precede or accompany volcanic unrest, although no immediate eruptive activity was linked to the 2013 sequence.
- USGS Earthquake Catalog
- Alaska Earthquake Center regional bulletins
- Tectonic summaries of the Aleutian subduction zone (USGS Professional Papers)