Seismic Swarm PS20110315.1 Off the Coast of Miyako, Japan
Seismic swarm PS20110315.1 occurred approximately 169 km east-northeast of Miyako, Japan, within the tectonically active Japan Trench subduction zone. This region lies where the Pacific Plate subducts beneath the Okhotsk Plate at a rate of about 8–9 cm per year, generating frequent earthquakes and occasional large-magnitude events along the plate interface and within the overriding plate.
The swarm began at 23:22 UTC on 14 March 2011 and concluded at 10:16 UTC on 16 March 2011, spanning 34 hours and 54 minutes. During this interval, six earthquakes were recorded with the following parameters: a magnitude 5.2 event at 35 km depth on 14 March at 23:22, a magnitude 5.4 event at 12 km depth on 15 March at 08:01, a magnitude 5.5 event at 35 km depth on 15 March at 11:46, a magnitude 6.1 event at 18 km depth on 15 March at 15:23, a magnitude 4.1 event at 35 km depth on 15 March at 18:02, and a magnitude 5.2 event at 24 km depth on 16 March at 10:16. Depths ranged from 12 to 35 km, consistent with activity in both the shallow crust and the subducting slab.
This swarm represents one of three documented swarm sequences in the area since 2000, marking the earliest such episode in the instrumental record for the locale. The timing, shortly after the magnitude 9.0 Tohoku earthquake of 11 March 2011, aligns with the elevated aftershock productivity typical of the outer-rise and fore-arc domains in this subduction setting. Such swarms often reflect stress redistribution following major megathrust ruptures, with events clustered both spatially and temporally.
Geologically, the Miyako offshore area features a steep trench slope and accretionary prism, with crustal heterogeneity that can localize swarm activity along pre-existing faults. Historical seismicity in the broader Tohoku region demonstrates a recurrence of great earthquakes every few centuries, underscoring the persistent seismic hazard.
References
USGS Earthquake Catalog
Japan Meteorological Agency Seismic Database
Global CMT Catalog