Seismic Swarm VS20181115.1: Analysis of Activity Near Adak, Alaska
A seismic swarm designated VS20181115.1 was recorded 39 km east-northeast of Adak, Alaska. The sequence began at 11:07 on 14 November 2018 and concluded at 19:45 on 23 November 2018, spanning 224 hours and 38 minutes. During this interval, 275 earthquakes were registered. The first 100 events displayed predominantly low magnitudes, ranging from -1.0 to 1.2. Depths were mostly shallow, between -1 km and 5 km, with isolated deeper occurrences at 21 km and 30 km. Early activity on 14 November included events at magnitudes 0.0 to 0.8, followed by clusters of negative-magnitude tremors on 15 and 16 November. Notable peaks reached 1.2 on 15 November at 14:36 and 1.1 on 15 November at 10:15 and 12:04. The pattern indicates a typical swarm progression of numerous small events without a single dominant mainshock. Adak lies within the Aleutian Islands arc, a tectonically active segment of the Pacific Ring of Fire. The region experiences intense seismicity due to subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the North American Plate at rates of approximately 6–8 cm per year. This convergence produces both shallow crustal earthquakes and deeper Wadati-Benioff zone activity, alongside frequent volcanism. The Andreanof Islands sector, where the swarm occurred, has hosted several magnitude 7+ events historically, reflecting the high strain accumulation along the megathrust. Earthquake swarms have occurred in the Adak vicinity since at least 2000, with eight documented episodes. Prior swarms took place in 2002 (one swarm) and 2013 (one swarm), while six occurred in 2018. These sequences typically feature low-magnitude events at shallow depths, consistent with fluid migration or stress triggering within the overriding plate or along the subduction interface. The VS20181115.1 swarm aligns with this regional pattern, contributing to ongoing monitoring of seismic hazards in the central Aleutians. Continued observation supports improved understanding of precursory activity ahead of larger tectonic events.
References
USGS Earthquake Hazards Program – Aleutian Islands seismicity reports
Alaska Earthquake Center – Regional tectonic summaries
SeismoSight internal swarm classification records